| Fig. 1 | Transrectal ultrasound. Published with permission from Terese Winslow LLC Medical Illustration Source: www.teresewinslow.com |
| Fig. 2 | Gross anatomy – male reproductive and urinary system Source: unknown |
| Fig. 3 | Gross anatomy – prostate (sagittal) A base, B mid, C apex of gland. Reprinted with permission from the American Journal of Roentgenology. From the article “Imaging in Oncology from The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center: Diagnosis, Staging, and Surveillance of Prostate Cancer”, Vikas Kundra, Paul M. Silverman, Surena F. Matin and Haesun Choi. From AJR Online.org, volume 189, issue 4, Fig. 1A. Source: www.ajronline.org |
| Fig. 4 | Normal prostate ultrasound images with zonal anatomy. This figure was published in Campbell-Walsh UROLOGY 9th ed., 978-0721607986, Wein, Figure 92-1, “Normal prostate ultrasound images (top) with diagrams (bottom) at approximately the level of the verumontanum demonstrating zonal anatomy”, Copyright Elsevier (2010). |
| Fig. 5 | Ultrasound image of transition and peripheral zone Courtesy of S. Hieronymi |
| Fig. 6 | Prostate arterial supply. Image reprinted with permission from eMedicine.com, 2010. Available at: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/449781-overview |
| Fig. 7 | Ultrasound of the gross anatomy of the prostate demonstrated on TRUS Courtesy of S. Hieronymi |
| Fig. 8 | Example of equipment needed for TRUS prostate biopsies Courtesy of G. De Lauw |
| Fig. 9 | Ultrasound machine Courtesy of BK Ultrasound https://bkultrasound.com/applications/urology-old/prostate-imaging-ultrasound/ |
| Fig. 10 | Hyperechoic areas |
| Fig. 11 | Hypoechoic areas |
| Fig. 12 | Prostate measurement – transversal view |
| Fig. 13 | Prostate measurement – sagittal view |
| Fig. 14 | Example biopsy locations in a 12-core biopsy Courtesy of fig. 10-14: S. Hieronymi |
| Flowchart 1 | Literature search “TRUS prostate biopsy” |
| Table 1 | Level of evidence |
| Table 2 | Grade of recommendation |
| Table 3 | ISUP grade groups |
| Table 4 | Tumour node metastasis (TNM) classification of prostate cancer |
| Table 5 | Risk categories of patients using anti-coagulants |
| Table 6 | Which anti-coagulants should be stopped pre-biopsy and when |
| Table 7 | Which anti-aggregants should be stopped pre-biopsy and when |
| Table 8 | Complications and their frequencies |
